From e3b01ecd1267d39d49b99db9676a653ff197db62 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "dependabot[bot]" <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Fri, 19 Jun 2026 06:00:40 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 1/9] Bump actions/checkout from 6 to 7 (#14820)

Bumps [actions/checkout](https://github.com/actions/checkout) from 6 to 7.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/actions/checkout/releases)
- [Changelog](https://github.com/actions/checkout/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md)
- [Commits](https://github.com/actions/checkout/compare/v6...v7)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: actions/checkout
  dependency-version: '7'
  dependency-type: direct:production
  update-type: version-update:semver-major
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>
Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
---
 .github/workflows/build.yml            | 2 +-
 .github/workflows/devcontainer_ci.yml  | 2 +-
 .github/workflows/directory_writer.yml | 2 +-
 .github/workflows/project_euler.yml    | 4 ++--
 .github/workflows/ruff.yml             | 2 +-
 .github/workflows/sphinx.yml           | 2 +-
 6 files changed, 7 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/build.yml b/.github/workflows/build.yml
index 2bb8e1d69217..62b62d0f6481 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/build.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/build.yml
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - run: sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y libhdf5-dev
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v7
       - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7
         with:
           enable-cache: true
diff --git a/.github/workflows/devcontainer_ci.yml b/.github/workflows/devcontainer_ci.yml
index d1b81593866f..e8cd040c1323 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/devcontainer_ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/devcontainer_ci.yml
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ jobs:
   build:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v7
       - uses: devcontainers/ci@v0.3
         with:
           push: never
diff --git a/.github/workflows/directory_writer.yml b/.github/workflows/directory_writer.yml
index deffbe9e364f..598cdfa5a371 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/directory_writer.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/directory_writer.yml
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ jobs:
   directory_writer:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v7
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
       - uses: actions/setup-python@v6
diff --git a/.github/workflows/project_euler.yml b/.github/workflows/project_euler.yml
index 591b2163cc1a..ff61367974f3 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/project_euler.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/project_euler.yml
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ jobs:
           libxml2-dev libxslt-dev
           libhdf5-dev
           libopenblas-dev
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v7
       - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7
       - uses: actions/setup-python@v6
         with:
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ jobs:
           libxml2-dev libxslt-dev
           libhdf5-dev
           libopenblas-dev
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v7
       - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7
       - uses: actions/setup-python@v6
         with:
diff --git a/.github/workflows/ruff.yml b/.github/workflows/ruff.yml
index 13df19c8d743..d665d0fb9266 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ruff.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ruff.yml
@@ -11,6 +11,6 @@ jobs:
   ruff:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v7
       - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7
       - run: uvx ruff check --output-format=github .
diff --git a/.github/workflows/sphinx.yml b/.github/workflows/sphinx.yml
index 3f00094e0264..7a8fc9460446 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/sphinx.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/sphinx.yml
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ jobs:
           libxml2-dev libxslt-dev
           libhdf5-dev
           libopenblas-dev
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v7
       - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7
       - uses: actions/setup-python@v6
         with:

From c0db072a1323339e0d9148479f8818a1b9768d88 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "pre-commit-ci[bot]"
 <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Mon, 6 Jul 2026 21:04:35 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 2/9] [pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (#14906)
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

* [pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate

updates:
- [github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit: v0.15.15 → v0.15.20](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit/compare/v0.15.15...v0.15.20)
- [github.com/tox-dev/pyproject-fmt: v2.23.0 → v2.25.1](https://github.com/tox-dev/pyproject-fmt/compare/v2.23.0...v2.25.1)

* [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks

for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci

---------

Co-authored-by: pre-commit-ci[bot] <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
---
 .pre-commit-config.yaml | 4 ++--
 pyproject.toml          | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.pre-commit-config.yaml b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
index b865f88350ea..cc52ede8cc08 100644
--- a/.pre-commit-config.yaml
+++ b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ repos:
       - id: auto-walrus
 
   - repo: https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit
-    rev: v0.15.15
+    rev: v0.15.20
     hooks:
       - id: ruff-check
       - id: ruff-format
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ repos:
           - tomli
 
   - repo: https://github.com/tox-dev/pyproject-fmt
-    rev: v2.23.0
+    rev: v2.25.1
     hooks:
       - id: pyproject-fmt
 
diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index 0b0c3f5cfda4..1a55feda3cbb 100644
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -265,5 +265,5 @@ myst_fence_as_directive = [
 ]
 templates_path = [ "_templates" ]
 source_suffix.".rst" = "restructuredtext"
-# ".txt" = "markdown"
 source_suffix.".md" = "markdown"
+# ".txt" = "markdown"

From 25bcced0f37df781b0e5aaa575e2a4fad41a2816 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "dependabot[bot]" <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Tue, 21 Jul 2026 08:13:38 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 3/9] Bump actions/setup-python from 6 to 7 (#14965)

Bumps [actions/setup-python](https://github.com/actions/setup-python) from 6 to 7.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/actions/setup-python/releases)
- [Commits](https://github.com/actions/setup-python/compare/v6...v7)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: actions/setup-python
  dependency-version: '7'
  dependency-type: direct:production
  update-type: version-update:semver-major
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>
Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
---
 .github/workflows/build.yml            | 2 +-
 .github/workflows/directory_writer.yml | 2 +-
 .github/workflows/project_euler.yml    | 4 ++--
 .github/workflows/sphinx.yml           | 2 +-
 4 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/build.yml b/.github/workflows/build.yml
index 62b62d0f6481..594369c6dc7b 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/build.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/build.yml
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ jobs:
         with:
           enable-cache: true
           cache-dependency-glob: uv.lock
-      - uses: actions/setup-python@v6
+      - uses: actions/setup-python@v7
         with:
           python-version: 3.14
           allow-prereleases: true
diff --git a/.github/workflows/directory_writer.yml b/.github/workflows/directory_writer.yml
index 598cdfa5a371..8b34f97995a7 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/directory_writer.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/directory_writer.yml
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v7
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
-      - uses: actions/setup-python@v6
+      - uses: actions/setup-python@v7
         with:
           python-version: 3.14
           allow-prereleases: true
diff --git a/.github/workflows/project_euler.yml b/.github/workflows/project_euler.yml
index ff61367974f3..73afb2e71cab 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/project_euler.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/project_euler.yml
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ jobs:
           libopenblas-dev
       - uses: actions/checkout@v7
       - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7
-      - uses: actions/setup-python@v6
+      - uses: actions/setup-python@v7
         with:
           python-version: 3.14
           allow-prereleases: true
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ jobs:
           libopenblas-dev
       - uses: actions/checkout@v7
       - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7
-      - uses: actions/setup-python@v6
+      - uses: actions/setup-python@v7
         with:
           python-version: 3.14
           allow-prereleases: true
diff --git a/.github/workflows/sphinx.yml b/.github/workflows/sphinx.yml
index 7a8fc9460446..45a74099ff00 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/sphinx.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/sphinx.yml
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ jobs:
           libopenblas-dev
       - uses: actions/checkout@v7
       - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7
-      - uses: actions/setup-python@v6
+      - uses: actions/setup-python@v7
         with:
           python-version: 3.14
           allow-prereleases: true

From 948d4cb01e2d8533447e3c0947c757173ec2a87f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ali Satwat Khan <alisatwat3@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 31 Jul 2026 05:29:25 +0500
Subject: [PATCH 4/9] Improve docstrings in sorts/bubble_sort.py (#14924)

* docs: expand bubble sort docstrings with algorithm explanation

Add a concise description of how bubble sort works (repeated
adjacent comparisons/swaps until a pass makes no swaps) and note
time/space complexity for both the iterative and recursive
implementations. No behavior changes; all existing doctests pass.

* Fix Ruff 0.16 lint failures

* S310

---------

Co-authored-by: Christian Clauss <cclauss@me.com>
---
 .../inorder_tree_traversal_2022.py            |  2 +-
 sorts/bubble_sort.py                          | 27 +++++++++++++++++--
 .../download_images_from_google_query.py      |  7 +++--
 3 files changed, 31 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/data_structures/binary_tree/inorder_tree_traversal_2022.py b/data_structures/binary_tree/inorder_tree_traversal_2022.py
index 1357527d2953..a4846a5c29a5 100644
--- a/data_structures/binary_tree/inorder_tree_traversal_2022.py
+++ b/data_structures/binary_tree/inorder_tree_traversal_2022.py
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ def insert(node: BinaryTreeNode | None, new_value: int) -> BinaryTreeNode | None
     return node
 
 
-def inorder(node: None | BinaryTreeNode) -> list[int]:  # if node is None,return
+def inorder(node: BinaryTreeNode | None) -> list[int]:  # if node is None,return
     """
     >>> inorder(make_tree())
     [6, 10, 14, 15, 20, 25, 60]
diff --git a/sorts/bubble_sort.py b/sorts/bubble_sort.py
index 4d658a4a12e4..c66d5d59dd93 100644
--- a/sorts/bubble_sort.py
+++ b/sorts/bubble_sort.py
@@ -2,7 +2,18 @@
 
 
 def bubble_sort_iterative(collection: list[Any]) -> list[Any]:
-    """Pure implementation of bubble sort algorithm in Python
+    """Pure implementation of the bubble sort algorithm in Python (iterative).
+
+    Bubble sort works by repeatedly stepping through the collection,
+    comparing each pair of adjacent elements and swapping them if they
+    are in the wrong order. This process repeats, with each full pass
+    "bubbling" the next-largest unsorted element into its correct
+    position at the end of the collection, until a full pass completes
+    with no swaps, at which point the collection is sorted.
+
+    Time complexity: O(n) best case (already sorted, thanks to the
+    early-exit optimization), O(n^2) average and worst case.
+    Space complexity: O(1) auxiliary (sorts in place).
 
     :param collection: some mutable ordered collection with heterogeneous
     comparable items inside
@@ -61,7 +72,19 @@ def bubble_sort_iterative(collection: list[Any]) -> list[Any]:
 
 
 def bubble_sort_recursive(collection: list[Any]) -> list[Any]:
-    """It is similar iterative bubble sort but recursive.
+    """Pure implementation of the bubble sort algorithm in Python (recursive).
+
+    Functionally identical to the iterative version: each call makes a
+    single pass through the collection, comparing adjacent elements and
+    swapping any pair that is out of order. If any swap occurred during
+    the pass, the function calls itself again on the (partially sorted)
+    collection; once a pass completes with no swaps, the collection is
+    sorted and the recursion stops.
+
+    Time complexity: O(n) best case (already sorted), O(n^2) average and
+    worst case.
+    Space complexity: O(1) auxiliary for the sort itself (sorts in place),
+    though the recursion adds O(n) call-stack frames in the worst case.
 
     :param collection: mutable ordered sequence of elements
     :return: the same list in ascending order
diff --git a/web_programming/download_images_from_google_query.py b/web_programming/download_images_from_google_query.py
index 659cf6a398a3..940cc3a5f024 100644
--- a/web_programming/download_images_from_google_query.py
+++ b/web_programming/download_images_from_google_query.py
@@ -88,8 +88,11 @@ def download_images_from_google_query(query: str = "dhaka", max_images: int = 5)
         opener.addheaders = [
             (
                 "User-Agent",
-                "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36"
-                " (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/70.0.3538.102 Safari/537.36 Edge/18.19582",
+                (
+                    "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36"
+                    " (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/70.0.3538.102 Safari/537.36"
+                    " Edge/18.19582"
+                ),
             )
         ]
         urllib.request.install_opener(opener)

From 758d487394677c2c7e4c468776e066eafe3883a7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: hojen2 <hoj2@oregonstate.edu>
Date: Fri, 31 Jul 2026 08:37:49 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 5/9] Upgrade ruff in pre-commit (#14982)

* Fix invalid Python 2 syntax in except clause

* [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks

for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci

* Update ruff-pre-commit version to v0.16.1

* Fix indentation in test_cancer_data function

* [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks

for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci

---------

Co-authored-by: pre-commit-ci[bot] <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Christian Clauss <cclauss@me.com>
---
 .pre-commit-config.yaml | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/.pre-commit-config.yaml b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
index cc52ede8cc08..8721f6e5b99a 100644
--- a/.pre-commit-config.yaml
+++ b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ repos:
       - id: auto-walrus
 
   - repo: https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit
-    rev: v0.15.20
+    rev: v0.16.1
     hooks:
       - id: ruff-check
       - id: ruff-format

From eea1bacfe0294b82c229432c82a09d3396e8a50c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ali Satwat Khan <alisatwat3@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 31 Jul 2026 21:07:20 +0500
Subject: [PATCH 6/9] fix: raise ValueError in encode() for non-lowercase input
 (#14936)

* fix: raise ValueError in encode() for non-lowercase input

encode() previously accepted uppercase letters, digits, and other
non-lowercase characters silently, producing incorrect/out-of-range
values (e.g. negative numbers for uppercase letters) instead of
failing. Add input validation using str.islower() and str.isalpha()
to raise a ValueError when the input isn't purely lowercase a-z.
Added a doctest covering the new error case.

* resolved doctest

* Fix Ruff 0.16 lint failures

* Enhance encode function error handling examples

Update error handling in encode function to include examples for mixed case and invalid characters.

* Fix indentation in test_cancer_data function

* [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks

for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci

---------

Co-authored-by: Christian Clauss <cclauss@me.com>
Co-authored-by: pre-commit-ci[bot] <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
---
 ciphers/a1z26.py                                   | 14 ++++++++++++++
 .../sequential_minimum_optimization.py             |  2 +-
 2 files changed, 15 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/ciphers/a1z26.py b/ciphers/a1z26.py
index a1377ea6d397..d99efe186519 100644
--- a/ciphers/a1z26.py
+++ b/ciphers/a1z26.py
@@ -13,7 +13,21 @@ def encode(plain: str) -> list[int]:
     """
     >>> encode("myname")
     [13, 25, 14, 1, 13, 5]
+    >>> encode("abCd")
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+        ...
+    ValueError: plain must contain only lowercase letters (a-z)
+    >>> encode("n0w")
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+        ...
+    ValueError: plain must contain only lowercase letters (a-z)
+    >>> encode("later!")
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+        ...
+    ValueError: plain must contain only lowercase letters (a-z)
     """
+    if not plain.islower() or not plain.isalpha():
+        raise ValueError("plain must contain only lowercase letters (a-z)")
     return [ord(elem) - 96 for elem in plain]
 
 
diff --git a/machine_learning/sequential_minimum_optimization.py b/machine_learning/sequential_minimum_optimization.py
index 625fc28fe60c..e96f06d6f080 100644
--- a/machine_learning/sequential_minimum_optimization.py
+++ b/machine_learning/sequential_minimum_optimization.py
@@ -451,7 +451,7 @@ def test_cancer_data():
     print("Hello!\nStart test SVM using the SMO algorithm!")
     # 0: download dataset and load into pandas' dataframe
     if not os.path.exists(r"cancer_data.csv"):
-        request = urllib.request.Request(  # noqa: S310
+        request = urllib.request.Request(
             CANCER_DATASET_URL,
             headers={"User-Agent": "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 5.5; Windows NT)"},
         )

From f5988cc09713315817df6a7e327e258013a94440 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "pre-commit-ci[bot]"
 <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Mon, 3 Aug 2026 20:44:36 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 7/9] [pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (#14993)
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

updates:
- [github.com/codespell-project/codespell: v2.4.2 → v2.4.3](https://github.com/codespell-project/codespell/compare/v2.4.2...v2.4.3)
- [github.com/tox-dev/pyproject-fmt: v2.25.1 → v2.26.0](https://github.com/tox-dev/pyproject-fmt/compare/v2.25.1...v2.26.0)

Co-authored-by: pre-commit-ci[bot] <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
---
 .pre-commit-config.yaml | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.pre-commit-config.yaml b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
index 8721f6e5b99a..0a5f50751ce3 100644
--- a/.pre-commit-config.yaml
+++ b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
@@ -25,14 +25,14 @@ repos:
       - id: ruff-format
 
   - repo: https://github.com/codespell-project/codespell
-    rev: v2.4.2
+    rev: v2.4.3
     hooks:
       - id: codespell
         additional_dependencies:
           - tomli
 
   - repo: https://github.com/tox-dev/pyproject-fmt
-    rev: v2.25.1
+    rev: v2.26.0
     hooks:
       - id: pyproject-fmt
 

From acd4b34b0e2196338f4cdb187f34cbb6a38cc3cc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Kanika Katare <kanikakatare0306@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 25 Aug 2026 19:38:42 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 8/9] fix: sub-interval midpoint formula in ternary search
 (#15070)

* fix: sub-interval midpoint formula in ternary search

* [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks

for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci

---------

Co-authored-by: pre-commit-ci[bot] <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
---
 searches/ternary_search.py | 30 +++++++++++++++++++++---------
 1 file changed, 21 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/searches/ternary_search.py b/searches/ternary_search.py
index 73e4b1ddc68b..b51c839e1dbf 100644
--- a/searches/ternary_search.py
+++ b/searches/ternary_search.py
@@ -82,6 +82,11 @@ def ite_ternary_search(array: list[int], target: int) -> int:
     -1
     >>> ite_ternary_search([.1, .4 , -.1], .1)
     0
+    >>> test_list_large = list(range(100))
+    >>> ite_ternary_search(test_list_large, 65)
+    65
+    >>> ite_ternary_search(test_list_large, 105)
+    -1
     """
 
     left = 0
@@ -90,8 +95,8 @@ def ite_ternary_search(array: list[int], target: int) -> int:
         if right - left < precision:
             return lin_search(left, right, array, target)
 
-        one_third = (left + right) // 3 + 1
-        two_third = 2 * (left + right) // 3 + 1
+        one_third = left + (right - left) // 3
+        two_third = right - (right - left) // 3
 
         if array[one_third] == target:
             return one_third
@@ -99,13 +104,13 @@ def ite_ternary_search(array: list[int], target: int) -> int:
             return two_third
 
         elif target < array[one_third]:
-            right = one_third - 1
+            right = one_third
         elif array[two_third] < target:
             left = two_third + 1
 
         else:
             left = one_third + 1
-            right = two_third - 1
+            right = two_third
     return -1
 
 
@@ -133,12 +138,19 @@ def rec_ternary_search(left: int, right: int, array: list[int], target: int) ->
     -1
     >>> rec_ternary_search(0, 3, [.1, .4 , -.1], .1)
     0
+    >>> test_list_large = list(range(100))
+    >>> rec_ternary_search(0, len(test_list_large), test_list_large, 65)
+    65
+    >>> rec_ternary_search(20, 80, test_list_large, 65)
+    65
+    >>> rec_ternary_search(20, 80, test_list_large, 15)
+    -1
     """
     if left < right:
         if right - left < precision:
             return lin_search(left, right, array, target)
-        one_third = (left + right) // 3 + 1
-        two_third = 2 * (left + right) // 3 + 1
+        one_third = left + (right - left) // 3
+        two_third = right - (right - left) // 3
 
         if array[one_third] == target:
             return one_third
@@ -146,11 +158,11 @@ def rec_ternary_search(left: int, right: int, array: list[int], target: int) ->
             return two_third
 
         elif target < array[one_third]:
-            return rec_ternary_search(left, one_third - 1, array, target)
+            return rec_ternary_search(left, one_third, array, target)
         elif array[two_third] < target:
             return rec_ternary_search(two_third + 1, right, array, target)
         else:
-            return rec_ternary_search(one_third + 1, two_third - 1, array, target)
+            return rec_ternary_search(one_third + 1, two_third, array, target)
     else:
         return -1
 
@@ -165,7 +177,7 @@ def rec_ternary_search(left: int, right: int, array: list[int], target: int) ->
     assert collection == sorted(collection), f"List must be ordered.\n{collection}."
     target = int(input("Enter the number to be found in the list:\n").strip())
     result1 = ite_ternary_search(collection, target)
-    result2 = rec_ternary_search(0, len(collection) - 1, collection, target)
+    result2 = rec_ternary_search(0, len(collection), collection, target)
     if result2 != -1:
         print(f"Iterative search: {target} found at positions: {result1}")
         print(f"Recursive search: {target} found at positions: {result2}")

From 25a312ded5b3bc7f3887df3d9d359fbdbf7e25a4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Satyam Kumar <satyamkumar.builds@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 25 Aug 2026 19:39:01 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 9/9] Fix docstring copy-paste error in maths/sumset.py
 (#15052)

The docstring incorrectly referenced Sylvester's sequence (a copy-paste
error from maths/sylvester_sequence.py) and used param names that did
not match the actual function signature.

Fixes #15013

Co-authored-by: kumarsatyam9378-art <kumarsatyam9378@gmail.com>
---
 maths/sumset.py | 6 +++---
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/maths/sumset.py b/maths/sumset.py
index fa18f9e24b4c..6bfb8bfd25eb 100644
--- a/maths/sumset.py
+++ b/maths/sumset.py
@@ -10,9 +10,9 @@
 
 def sumset(set_a: set, set_b: set) -> set:
     """
-    :param first set: a set of numbers
-    :param second set: a set of numbers
-    :return: the nth number in Sylvester's sequence
+    :param set_a: a set of numbers
+    :param set_b: a set of numbers
+    :return: the sumset of set_a and set_b (all pairwise sums a + b)
 
     >>> sumset({1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6})
     {5, 6, 7, 8, 9}