diff --git a/AGENTS.md b/AGENTS.md
index c48f61e34..7856fd3d2 100644
--- a/AGENTS.md
+++ b/AGENTS.md
@@ -531,6 +531,29 @@ Avoid `as` type assertions (except `as const`). Treat them like `unsafe` in Rust
 justified. They silence the type checker and hide real bugs; if a cast is needed,
 it usually means the types or the code structure should be improved instead.
 
+The JSDoc equivalent, an inline `/** @type {T} */ (expr)` cast, carries the same
+hazard and the same rule: avoid it. Prefer annotating a separate `const`
+declaration instead of casting an expression inline —
+
+```js
+/** @type {ReadonlyMap<string, number>} */
+const empty = new Map()
+```
+
+rather than
+
+```js
+mapSet(/** @type {ReadonlyMap<string, number>} */ (new Map()), 'a', 1)
+```
+
+— because the declaration form documents the variable's intended type and lets
+the compiler check the initializer against it (closer to `satisfies`), while the
+inline form silently overrides whatever the compiler inferred, exactly like `as`.
+An exception applies when the original TypeScript source used `as`: a mechanical
+`.f.ts` → `.f.mjs` migration may carry the assertion over as an inline
+`@type`-cast rather than block on a redesign, but should still prefer the
+declaration form when it is a straightforward rewrite.
+
 #### Avoid type predicates
 
 Avoid TypeScript type predicates (`(x: T): x is U`). They are error-prone: the
diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 35aa43d7c..4b6407f53 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -20,6 +20,10 @@ history.
 
 ## Unreleased
 
+- **BREAKING CHANGES:** `fjs/types/map` migrates from authored TypeScript
+  (`.f.ts`) to JSDoc-typed JavaScript (`.f.mjs`) under the stage-1
+  TypeScript-to-mjs migration — importers must use the `.f.mjs` specifier
+  [#1476](https://github.com/functionalscript/functionalscript/pull/1476)
 - **BREAKING CHANGES:** `fjs/types/btree` migrates from authored TypeScript
   (`.f.ts`) to JSDoc-typed JavaScript (`.f.mjs`) under the stage-1
   TypeScript-to-mjs migration — importers must use the `.f.mjs` specifier
diff --git a/fjs/types/map/module.f.mjs b/fjs/types/map/module.f.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b3c5eec9c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fjs/types/map/module.f.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+/**
+ * Persistent map operations built on ordered collections.
+ *
+ * @module
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @template T
+ * @param {Iterable<T>} x
+ * @param {Iterable<T>} y
+ * @returns {Iterable<T>}
+ */
+const concat = (x, y) => ({
+    *[Symbol.iterator]() {
+        yield* x
+        yield* y
+    }
+})
+
+/**
+ * @template T
+ * @param {Iterable<T>} i
+ * @param {(x: T) => boolean} p
+ * @returns {Iterable<T>}
+ */
+const filter = (i, p) => ({
+    *[Symbol.iterator]() {
+        for (const x of i) {
+            if (p(x)) { yield x }
+        }
+    }
+})
+
+/**
+ * @type {<K, V>(map: ReadonlyMap<K, V>, k: K, v: V) => ReadonlyMap<K, V>}
+ */
+export const mapSet = (map, k, v) => new Map(concat(map, [[k, v]]))
+
+/**
+ * @type {<K, V>(map: ReadonlyMap<K, V>, k: K) => ReadonlyMap<K, V>}
+ */
+export const mapDelete = (map, k) => new Map(filter(map, ([xk]) => xk !== k))
diff --git a/fjs/types/map/module.f.ts b/fjs/types/map/module.f.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index 043d52ac9..000000000
--- a/fjs/types/map/module.f.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,25 +0,0 @@
-/**
- * Persistent map operations built on ordered collections.
- *
- * @module
- */
-const concat = <T>(x: Iterable<T>, y: Iterable<T>): Iterable<T> => ({
-    *[Symbol.iterator]() {
-        yield* x
-        yield* y
-    }
-})
-
-const filter = <T>(i: Iterable<T>, p: (x: T) => boolean): Iterable<T> => ({
-    *[Symbol.iterator]() {
-        for (const x of i) {
-            if (p(x)) { yield x }
-        }
-    }
-})
-
-export const mapSet = <K, V>(map: ReadonlyMap<K, V>, k: K, v: V): ReadonlyMap<K, V> =>
-    new Map(concat(map, [[k, v]]))
-
-export const mapDelete = <K, V>(map: ReadonlyMap<K, V>, k: K): ReadonlyMap<K, V> =>
-    new Map(filter(map, ([xk]) => xk !== k))
diff --git a/fjs/types/map/proof.f.ts b/fjs/types/map/proof.f.mjs
similarity index 78%
rename from fjs/types/map/proof.f.ts
rename to fjs/types/map/proof.f.mjs
index 6b171815b..09dc549d1 100644
--- a/fjs/types/map/proof.f.ts
+++ b/fjs/types/map/proof.f.mjs
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { mapSet, mapDelete } from './module.f.ts'
+import { mapSet, mapDelete } from './module.f.mjs'
 import { assertEq } from '../../asserts/module.f.mjs'
 
 export const proof = {
@@ -13,7 +13,9 @@ export const proof = {
         assertEq(map.size, 0, 'error')
     },
     deleteOneOfMany: () => {
-        const m0 = mapSet(new Map<string, number>(), 'a', 1)
+        /** @type {ReadonlyMap<string, number>} */
+        const empty = new Map()
+        const m0 = mapSet(empty, 'a', 1)
         const m1 = mapSet(m0, 'b', 2)
         const result = mapDelete(m1, 'a')
         assertEq(result.get('b'), 2)
diff --git a/fjs/types/todo/169.md b/fjs/types/todo/169.md
index f24e16b27..6704abcf2 100644
--- a/fjs/types/todo/169.md
+++ b/fjs/types/todo/169.md
@@ -3,16 +3,16 @@
 **Priority:** P3
 **Status:** open
 
-`fjs/types/map/module.f.ts` defines two private generator helpers solely to feed
-`new Map(...)`:
+`fjs/types/map/module.f.mjs` defines two private generator helpers solely to
+feed `new Map(...)`:
 
-```ts
-// map/module.f.ts:6
-const concat = <T>(x: Iterable<T>, y: Iterable<T>): Iterable<T> => ({
+```js
+// map/module.f.mjs:13
+const concat = (x, y) => ({
     *[Symbol.iterator]() { yield* x; yield* y }
 })
-// map/module.f.ts:13
-const filter = <T>(i: Iterable<T>, p: (x: T) => boolean): Iterable<T> => ({
+// map/module.f.mjs:26
+const filter = (i, p) => ({
     *[Symbol.iterator]() { for (const x of i) { if (p(x)) { yield x } } }
 })